What process involves a solid turning directly into a gas?

What process involves a solid turning directly into a gas?

• A. Evaporation
• B. Sublimation
• C. Condensation
• D. Deposition

Answer: (B)

Sublimation is the process in which a solid transitions directly into a gas without passing through the liquid state. This occurs under specific conditions, often involving a decrease in pressure or an increase in temperature that provides sufficient energy for the molecules in the solid to break free from their rigid structure. A common example of sublimation is dry ice (solid carbon dioxide), which changes directly from a solid to carbon dioxide gas at atmospheric pressure. The other processes listed involve different phases of matter. Evaporation refers to the transition of a liquid to gas, condensation is the process where gas transforms back into a liquid, and deposition involves the conversion of a gas directly into a solid, effectively the reverse of sublimation. Therefore, sublimation is uniquely defined by this direct transition from solid to gas, making it the correct choice for the question.

Sublimation is the process in which a solid transitions directly into a gas without passing through the liquid state. This occurs under specific conditions, often involving a decrease in pressure or an increase in temperature that provides sufficient energy for the molecules in the solid to break free from their rigid structure. A common example of sublimation is dry ice (solid carbon dioxide), which changes directly from a solid to carbon dioxide gas at atmospheric pressure.

The other processes listed involve different phases of matter. Evaporation refers to the transition of a liquid to gas, condensation is the process where gas transforms back into a liquid, and deposition involves the conversion of a gas directly into a solid, effectively the reverse of sublimation. Therefore, sublimation is uniquely defined by this direct transition from solid to gas, making it the correct choice for the question.